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Article 123 bis of the French Tax Code (FTC) and the Conseil d’État’s “Level One” decision: the difficulties raised by the characterisation of the QPFC
By Nicolas Duboille & Mathis Rossignol
A note on the Conseil d’État’s Level One decision of 30 June 2026, which transposes the Axa and Raymond case law on the QPFC to Article 123 bis of the French Tax Code, and the questions it raises under the Parent-Subsidiary Directive, EU freedoms and constitutional principles.
Read the article: Article 123 bis of the French Tax Code (FTC) and the Conseil d’État’s “Level One” decision: the difficulties raised by the characterisation of the QPFC